Content
1. Trade...............................................................................................................................5
1.2. Factors influencing terms of trade in developing countries ......................................................... 7
2. The Production Theor......................................................................................................11
2.1. Production in the Short Run ...........................................................................................14
2.1.1. Factor?Product Relationship ?The Three Stages of Production ........................................... 16
2.1.2 Product?product relationship. ............................................................................................. 20
2.1.3. Factor – Factor Relationship ................................................................................................ 23
3. The Enterprise ..............................................................................................................28
3.1. Business life cycle ...................................................................................................... 33
4. Financial structure of a company .........................................................................................39
4.1. Assets of a company ....................................................................................................41
4.2. Liabilities and equity ................................................................................................. 43
4.3. Depreciation ......................................................................................................... 46
5. Capital structure of thecompany........................................................................................................ 58
5.1. Forms of business financing .................................................................................................... 61
5.2. The relationship between the assets and the sources of its coverage ................................... 65
5.3. The total working capital need ................................................................................................ 68
6. The optimal capital structure..........................................................................................73
6.1. Cost of Capital........................................................................................................74
6.1.1. Cost of Debt? rd .....................................................................................................74
6.1.2. Cost of equity?re.....................................................................................................76
7. Capital structure theories .............................................................................................. 80
8. The theory of costs .................................................................................................. 92
8.1. Economic versus accounting cost concept .................................................................................. 94
8.2. Type breakdown of costs ..................................................................................................95
8.3. Production costs in the short?run ..........................................................................................98
8.4. Development of costs according to volume .............................................................................. 101
9. Profit and the Break – Even Analysis ..........................................................................................107
9.1. Profit .........................................................................................................................107
9.2. Rev
Informace
Koupit
